Whistleblowing (Public Sector)

International literature has been included in this list:

Ahmad, S. A., Yunos, R. M., Ahmad, R. A. R., & Sanusi, Z. M. (2014). Whistleblowing behaviour: The influence of ethical climates theory. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 164, 445-450.

Apaza, C. R., Chang, Y. (2011). What makes whistleblowing effective: Whistleblowing in Peru and South Korea. Public Integrity, 13, 113-130.

Archer, K. (2005). From Rhetoric to Reality Protecting Whistleblowers in Alberta. Parkland Institute.

Banisar, D. (2011). Whistleblowing: International Standards and Developments. In Sandoval, I. E. (Ed.), Corruption and Transparency: Debating the Frontiers between State, Market, and Society. World Bank. [Comparative]

Biron, J., & Rousseau, S. (2012). Whistleblowing, divulgation, denonciation vers une meilleure surveillance des societes. Canadian Bar Review, 91(3),657-700.

Bjørkelo, B., Ryberg, W., Matthiesen, S. B., & Einarsen, S. (2008). When you talk and talk and nobody listens: A mixed methods case study of whistleblowing and its consequences. International Journal of Organisational Behaviour, 13(2), 18-40.

Blackburn, J. T. (1984). A comparison of statutory protections of public and private sector whistle-blowers. Unpublished working paper, The Ohio State University, College of Administrative Sciences. [US]

Bok, S. (1980). Whistleblowing and Professional Responsibilities. In D. Callahan & S. Bok (Eds.), Ethics Teaching in Higher Education (pp. 169-194). Plenum Press.

Bok, S. (1981). Blowing the whistle. In Fleishman, J. L., Liebman, L., & Moore, M. H. (Eds.), Public duties: The moral obligation of government officials (pp. 204-220). Harvard University. [US]

Bordeleau, C. (2011). The case against whistleblowing. In Leone, R. P., & Ohemeng, F. L. K. (Eds.), Approaching Public Administration: Core Debates and Emerging Issues (pp. 196-206). Emond Montgomery Publications Ltd.

Bowal, P., Brierton, T. D., & Campbell, C. (2007). The Whistleblower Defence to Employment Dismissal. LawNow, 32.

Bowal, P. (2011). Retaliation against whistleblowers is a crime. LawNow, 36.

Bowal, P. (2013). Malice and Whistleblowing. E-Journal of International and Comparative Labour Studies.

Bowman, & West, J. P. (2018). Whistleblowing in Organizations. In Public Service Ethics: Individual and Institutional Responsibilities (2nd ed.) (pp.234-261). Routledge.

Bowman, J. S. (1980). Whistle-blowing in the public service: An overview of the issues. Review of Public Personnel Administration, (1), 15-28.

Brabeck, M. (1984). Ethical characteristics of whistle blowers. Journal of Research in Personality, 18, 41-53.

Brewer, G. A., & Selden, S. C. (1998). Whistle blowers in the federal civil service: New evidence of the public service ethic. Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, 8, 413–440. [US]

Brewer, G. A. (1996). Incidence of whistleblowing in the public and private sectors. Unpublished manuscript, Department of Political Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA. [US]

Bron, I. (2019). Vile wretches and public heroes: A survey of Canadian whistleblowing literature. Canadian Public Administration, 62(2), 356-361.

Brooks, L. J. (1993). Whistleblowers. “...Learn to Love Them.” Canadian Business Review, 19-21.

Brown, A. & Olsen, J. (Eds.). (2008). Whistleblowing in the Australian public sector. ANU Press [AU]

Brown, A. J., Latimer, P., McMillan, J., & Wheeler, C. (2008). Best-practice whistleblowing legislation for the public sector: the key principles. Whistleblowing in the Australian Public Sector.

Brown, A. J., Lewis, D., Moberly, R., & Vandekerckhove, W. (Eds.). (2014). International handbook on whistleblowing research. Edward Elgar Publishing.

Brown, A. J. (2011). Flying foxes and freedom of speech: Statutory recognition of public whistleblowing in Australia. Whistleblowing and Democratic Values. [AU]

Caiden, G.E. and Truelson, J.A. (1988). Whistleblower Protection in the USA: Lessons learnt and to be learnt. American Journal of Public Administration, 47(2), 119-129.

Caillier, J. G., & Sa, Y. (2017). Do transformational-oriented leadership and transactional-oriented leadership have an impact on whistle-blowing attitudes? A longitudinal examination conducted in US federal agencies. Public Management Review, 19(4), 406-422. [US]

Caillier, J. G. (2012). Agency retaliation against whistle-blowers: Factors affecting employee perceptions. Public Integrity, 15(1), 29-50.

Caillier, J. G. (2015). Transformational leadership and whistle-blowing attitudes: Is this relationship mediated by organizational commitment and public service motivation?. The American Review of Public Administration, 45, 458-475.

Caillier, J. G. (2016). Public service motivation and decisions to report wrongdoing in U.S. federal agencies: Is this relationship mediated by the seriousness of wrongdoing. American Review of Public Administration. [US]

Caillier, J. G. (2017). An examination of the role whistleblowing education plays in the whistleblowing process. Social Science Journal, 54, 4-12 [US]

Cantin, I. & Cantin, J.-M. (2005). La dénonciation d’actes répréhensibles en milieu de travail ou Whistleblowing. Les Éditions Yvon Blais.

Carson, J. (2006, June). The need for whistleblowing legislation in Canada: a critical defence (Paper). Canadian Political Science Association Conference, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON.

Cassematis, P., Wortley, R. (2013). Prediction of whistleblowing or non-reporting observation: The role of personal and situational factors. Journal of Business Ethics, 117, 615-634. [AU]

Certosimo, M. (2003). Do we need a whistle-blower law?. Canadian Current Law.

Chalk, R. (1988). Making the World Safe For Whistleblowers. Technology Review, 91, 48-57.

Chaplin, A. (2004). Is There a Duty to Blow the Whistle? Public Servants and the Public Interest. National Ethics Symposium Proceedings, Ottawa, ON.

Chaster, S. (2018). Public Procurement and the Charbonneau Commission: Challenges in Preventing and Controlling Corruption. Appeal: Review of Current Law and Law Reform.

Chêne, M. (2009). Good Practice in Whistleblowing Protection Legislation. U4 Anti-Corruption Resource Centre Expert Answer.

Chloé, F. & Élise H.-L. (2015). Federal Public Sector Whistleblowing. Library of Parliament.

Cho, Y. J., & Song, H. J. (2015). Determinants of whistleblowing within government agencies. Public Personnel Management, 44, 450-472. [US]

Chordiya, R., Sabharwal, M., Relly, J. E., & Berman, E. M. (2019). Organizational protection for whistleblowers: A cross-national study. Public Management Review. [Comparative]

Cohen-Lyons, J., & Morley, H. (2012). Whistleblowing in the public sector: A balance of rights and interests. Public Sector Digest, 16-18.

Cooper, C. A. (2021). Encouraging bureaucrats to report corruption: human resource management and whistleblowing. Asia Pacific Journal of Public Administration, 44(2), 106-130).

Cutler, A., McKay, P. R., & Brouard, F. (2014). Canadian sponsorship scandal: the whistleblower's perspective. International Journal of Case Studies in Management, 12(2).

D'Cruz, P., & Bjørkelo, B. (2016). Sociocultural dynamics in whistleblowing: insights from India. Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Administration, 8(2), 143-162). [India]

De Graaf, G. (2019). What works: The role of confidential integrity advisors and effective whistleblowing. International Public Management Journal, 22(2), 213-231.

DeHaven-Smith, L. (2011). Myth and reality of whistleblower protections: Official behavior at the top. Public Integrity, 13(3), 207-220.

Delmas, C. (2015). The ethics of government whistle-blowing. Social Theory and Practice, 41(1), 77-105.

Devine, T. (1997). What to expect: Classic responses to whistle-blowing. In Government Accountability Project. The whistleblower’s survival guide: Courage without martyrdom. Fund for Constitutional Government. [US]

Devine, T. M. & Aplin, D. G. (1988). Whistleblower Protection: The Gap Between Law and Reality. Howard Law Journal, 31(2), 223-240.

Doberstein, C., & Charbonneau, É. (2020). The origins and effects of public servant confidence in whistleblowing protection regimes. Public Administration, 98(3), 643-658.

Doyle, S. C. (2007). A Purposive Approach to Whistleblower Protection: A Comment on Merk v International Association of Bridge, Structural, Ornamental and Reinforcing Iron Workers. Alberta Law Review.

Drew, K. (2003). Whistleblowing and corruption: An initial and comparative review.

Dryburgh, M. M. (2009). Personal and policy implications of whistle-blowing: The case of Corcoran state prison. Public Integrity, 11, 155-170.

Dubin, Q. C., Charles, L., Terry, J. (1997). Whistleblowing Study. Industry Canada.

Dworkin, M., & Baucus, M. S. (1998). Internal vs. external whistle- blowers: A comparison of whistleblowering processes. Journal of Business Ethics, 17, 1281-1298.

Ellison, F., Keenan, J., Lockhart, P., & van Schaick, J. (1985). Whistle-blowing research: Methodological and moral issues. Praeger.

Evans, A. J. (2008). Dealing with dissent: whistleblowing, egalitarianism, and the republic of the firm.Innovation, 21(3). [EU]

Fennessey, J. (2010). Whistleblowing: Responsibility and accountability Does responsibility and accountability really exist in Canada? (MR75194). [Master’s thesis, St. Paul’s University]. ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global.

Fieger, P., & Rice, B. S. (2018). Whistle-blowing in the Australian Public Service: The role of employee ethnicity and occupational affiliation. Personnel Review, 47(3), 613-629). [AU]

Folks, S. R. (2000). A potential whistle-blower: To tell or not to tell, that is the question. Public Integrity, 2(1), 61-74.

Forget, C., & Hurtubise-Loranger, É. (2015). Federal public sector whistleblowing. Library of Parliament / Bibliothèque du Parlement.

Friedman, M. (2015). Edward Snowden: Hero or Traitor? Considering the Implications for Canadian National Security and Whistleblower Law. Dalhousie Journal of Legal Studies.

General Accounting Office. (1988). Whistleblowers: Management of the Program to Protect Trucking Company Employees Against Reprisal. Government Accounting Office. [US]

Gernaldo, R. U. (2014). Breaking the culture of silence: Leadership, motivation, and whistle-blowing in the public sector [Unpublished master’s thesis]. Graduate School of Governance, Sungkyunkwan University. [South Korea]

Glazer, M. (1987). Whistleblowers. In Ermann, M.D. & Lundman, R.J. (Eds.), Corporate and governmental deviance: Problems of organizational behavior in contemporary society (pp. 197-208). Oxford University Press.

Glazer, M.P., & Glazer, P.M. (1989) The whistleblowers: Exposing corruption in government and industry. Basic Books. [US]

Government Accountability Project and Project on Government Procurement. (1989). Courage Without Martyrdom: A Survival Guide for Whistleblowers. Government Accountability Project. [US]

Groeneweg S. (2000). Three Whistleblower Protection Models: A Comparative Analysis of Whistleblower Legislation in Australia, the United States and the United Kingdom. Canada. Public Service Commission – Research Directorate.

Gundlach, M. I., Gundlach, S. C., Douglas, M. J. & Martinko, M. J. (2003). The decision to blow the whistle: A social information processing framework. The Academy of Management Review, 28, 107-123. [US]

Hacker, A. (1978). Loyalty and the whistleblower. Across the Board, 15(2), 4-9.

Haigh, R., & Bowal, P. (2012). Whistleblowing and freedom of conscience: Towards a new legal analysis. Dalhousie Law Journal, 35.

Hansen, I. (1990). Freedom of Expression, Whistleblowing and the Canadian Charters, Canadian Parliamentary Review.

Hardy, K. & Williams, G. (2021). Press Freedom in Australia’s Constitutional System. Canadian Journal of Comparative and Contemporary Law.

Heumann, M., Friedes, A., Cassak, L., Wright, W., & Joshi, E. (2013). The World of Whistleblowing: From the altruist to the avenger. Public Integrity, 16(1), 25-52.

Heyes, A., & Kapur, S. (2008). An economic model of whistle-blower policy. Journal of Law, Economics, & Organization, 25, 157-182.

Hollings, J. (2013). Let the story go: The role of emotion in the decision-making process of the reluctant, vulnerable witness or whistle-blower. Journal of Business Ethics, 114, 501-512.

Holtzhausen, N. (2009). Organisational trust as a prerequisite for whistleblowing. Journal of Public Administration, 44(1), 234-246.

House of Commons. (2017). Strengthening the Protection of the Public Interest Within the Public Servants Disclosure Protection Act, Report of the Standing Committee on Government Operations and Estimates.

Hurtubise-Loranger É, K. R. (2012). Federal Public Sector Whistleblowing. Library of Parliament Research Publications.

Independent Commission Against Corruption Research Section. (1997). Monitoring the Impact of the NSW Protected Disclosures Act, 1994 – Encouraging Public Sector Employees to Report Corruption. Independent Commission Against Corruption. [AU]

Industry Canada Competition Bureau. (1997). Whistleblowing Study: Models of Whistleblower Protection.

Jang, C. K. (2014). External Whistleblowing in the Public Service: A Necessarily Messy Practice. Dalhousie Journal of Interdisciplinary Management, 10(1).

Jeon, S. H. (2017). Where to report wrongdoings? Exploring the determinants of internal versus external whistleblowing. International Review of Public Administration, 22(2), 153–171.

Johansen, D., & Spano, S. (2005). Legislative summary of Bill C-11: The public servants disclosure protection act (LS-482E). Parliamentary Information and Research Service, Library of Parliament.

Johansen, D. (2004). Bill C-25: the Public Servants Disclosure Protection Act, LS-476E. Parliamentary Information and Research Service, Library of Parliament.

Johnson, R. A., & Kraft, M. (1990). Bureaucratic whistleblowing and policy change. The Western Political Quarterly, 43, 849-874.

Johnson, R. A. (2003). Whistleblowing: When it works and why. Lynne Rienner Publishers. [US]

Johnson, R. A. (2003). Whistleblowing. Rienner Publishers. [US]

Jos, P. H., Tompkins, M. E., & Hays, S. W. (1989). In praise of difficult people: A portrait of the committed. Public Administration Review, 49, 552-561. [US]

Jos, P. H. (1991). The nature and limits of the whistleblower’s contribution to administrative responsibility. The American Review of Public Administration, 21(2), 105-118. [US]

Kang, M. M. (2022). Whistleblowing in the Public Sector: A Systematic Literature Review. Review of Public Personnel Administration.

Kaplan, E. (2001). The international emergence of legal protections for whistleblowers. Journal of Public Inquiry, Fall/Winter, 37-42. [Comparative]

Katz, M., LaVan, H., & Lopez, Y. P. (2012). Whistleblowing in organizations: implications from litigation. SAM Advanced Management Journal, 77(3), 4.

Keenan, J. P., & McLain, D. L. (1992, August). Whistleblowing: A Conceptualization and Model. National Academy of Management, Briarcliff Manor, NY.

Keith, N., Todd, S., & Oliver, C. (2016). An international perspective on whistleblowing. Criminal Justice, 31.

Kernaghan, K. (1991). Whistle-blowing in Canadian governments: ethical, political, and managerial considerations. Optimum, 22(1), 34-42

Kim, D. (2015). Report on Whistleblower Protections in Canada. Transparency International Canada.

Kim, S. Y. (2017). Public sector whistle-blowing: The roles of structure, representation, and management (10288429). [Doctoral dissertation, Indiana University]. ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global. [US]

Laframboise, H.L. (1991). Vile wretches and public heroes: The ethics of whistleblowing in government. Canadian Public Administration, 34, 73-77.

Lam, H., & Harcourt, M. (2019). Whistle‐blowing in the digital era: motives, issues and recommendations. New Technology, Work and Employment, 34(2), 174-190.

Latimer, P., & Brown, A. J. (2007). In Whose Interest?: The Need for Consistency in to Whom, and about Whom, Australian Public Interest Whistleblowers Can Make Protected Disclosures. Deakin Law Review, 12(2), 1-21. [AU]

Latimer, P. & A.J. Brown (2008). Whistleblower Laws: International Best Practice. Monash University, Department of Business Law & Taxation.

Lavena, C. F. (2013). Deciding to blow the whistle: How individual and organizational factors influence the reporting of wrongdoing in the federal government (3600634). [Doctoral dissertation, Rutgers University-Newark]. ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global. [US]

Lavena, C. F. (2014). Whistle-blowing individual and organizational determinants of the decision to report wrongdoing in the federal government. The American Review of Public Administration. [US]

Lee, H. (2020). The implications of organizational structure, political control, and internal system responsiveness on whistleblowing behavior. Review of Public Personnel Administration, 40, 155-177.

Leon, J. S. (2005). Can't you hear the whistle-blowing: crisis management when wrongdoing is discovered. Osgoode Hall Law School.

Lewis, D., & Vandekerckhove, W. (Eds.). (2011). Whistleblowing and democratic values. International Whistleblowing Research Network.

Lindquist, S. A. (2003). Developments in federal whistleblower protection laws. Review of Public Personnel Administration, 23(1), 78–82.

Ling, E. (1991). Whistle-Blowing: Toward a Sociological Understanding (Paper). Annual meeting of the American Society of Criminology, San Francisco, CA. [US]

Lovell, A. (2003). The enduring phenomenon of moral muteness: Suppressed whistleblowing.  Public Integrity,5(3), 187-204.

Loyens, K., & Vandekerckhove, W. (2018). Whistleblowing from an international perspective: A comparative analysis of institutional arrangements. Administrative Sciences, 8(3).

Management Board Secretariat. (1991). Whistleblowing: A Discussion Paper on the Protection of Public Sector Employees who Disclose Serious Wrongdoing. Management Board Secretariat Office.

Martin, A. F. (2020). Folk Hero or Legal Pariah? A Comment on the Legal Ethics of Edgar Schmidt and Schmidt v Canada (Attorney General). Manitoba Law Journal.

Martin, B., & Rifkin, W. (2004). The dynamics of employee dissent: Whistleblowers and organizational Jiu-Jitsu. Public Organization Review, 4(3), 221–238.

Martin-Bariteau, F., & Newman, V. (2018). Whistleblowing in Canada: A knowledge synthesis report. Ottawa Faculty of Law Working Paper.

McEvoy, J. P. (2016). The legal response to whistleblowing in Canada: Managing disclosures by the ‘up the ladder’ principle. In G. Thüsing & G. Forst (Eds.), Whistleblowing: A comparative study (pp. 33–72). Springer.

McMillan, J. (1989). Principled Organisational Dissent: Whistleblowing in Response to Corruption, Paper delivered at the Fourth Annual Anti-Corruption Conference, Sydney, Australia.

McMillan, J. (1994). Whistleblowing initiatives: an overview. In Preston, N. (Ed.), Ethics for the Public Sector: Education and training (pp. 115-132). Federation Press. [AU]

Miceli, M. P., & Near, J. P. (1994). Relationships among value congruence, perceived victimization, and retaliation against whistle-blowers. Journal of Management, 20, 773-794.

Miceli, M. P., & Near, J. P. (2005). Standing up or standing by: What predicts blowing the whistle on organizational wrongdoing? In J. J. Martocchio (Ed.), Research in personnel and human resources management, 24, 95-136). JAI Press.

Miceli, M. P., & Near, J. P. (2013). An international comparison of the incidence of public sector whistle-blowing and the prediction of retaliation: Australia, Norway, and the US. Australian Journal of Public Administration, 72, 433-446 [Comparative]

Miceli, M. P., and J. P. Near. (1984). The Relationships among Beliefs, Organizational Position, and Whistle-Blowing Status: A Discriminant Analysis. The Academy of Management Journal, 27(4), 687-705.

Miceli, M. P., and J. P. Near. (1988). Individual and Situational Correlates of Whistle-Blowing. Personnel Psychology, 41(2), 267-281.

Miceli, M. P., Near, J. P., & Dworkin, T. M. (2008). Whistle-blowing in organizations. Routledge.

Miceli, M. P., Near, J. P., & Schwenk, C. P. (1991). Who blows the whistle and why? Industrial & Labor Relations Review, 45, 113-130.

Miceli, M. P., Near, J. P. (1985). Characteristics of organizational climate and perceived wrongdoing associated with whistle-blowing decisions. Personnel Psychology, 38, 525-544. [US]

Miceli, M. P., Near, J. P. (2002). What makes whistle-blowers effective? Three field studies. Human Relations, 55, 455-479.

Miceli, M. P., Rehg, M., Near, J. P., & Ryan, K. (1999). Can laws protect whistle-blowers? Results of a naturally occurring field experiment. Work and Occupations, 26, 129-151.

Miceli, M.P., Roach, B.P. and Near, J.P. (1988) The motivations of anonymous whistle- blowers: The case of federal employees, Public Personnel Management, 17, 281-296.

Miceli, M.P. & Near, J.P. (1997). Definition of ‘whistle-blowing’. In L.H. Peters, C.R.B. Greer and S.A. Youngblood (Eds.), The Blackwell encyclopedic dictionary of human resource management. Blackwell.

Miceli, Marcia P., and Near, J.P. (1992). Blowing the Whistle. Lexington. [US]

Middlemiss, J. (2001). The Downside of whistle-blowing. Canadian Current Law 25(10), 48-51.

Miethe, T. D., Rothschild, J. (1994). Whistleblowing and the control of organizational misconduct. Sociological Inquiry, 64, 322-347 [US]

Miller, A. S. (1972). Whistle-blowing and the law. In Nader, R., Petkas, P. J., & Blackwell, K. (Eds.), Whistle-blowing: The report of the conference on professional responsibility (pp. 24-38). Grossman.

Moloney, K., Bowman, J. S., & West, J. P. (2018). Challenges Confronting Whistleblowing and the International Civil Servant. Review of Public Personnel Administration, 39(4), 611-634.

Nader, R., Petkas, P. & Blackwell, K. (1972). Whistleblowing. Grossman.

Nader, R., Petkas, P. J., & Blackwell, K. (Eds.). (1972). Whistle-blowing: The report on the conference on professional responsibility. Grossman.

Nayır, D. Z., Rehg, M. T., & Asa, Y. (2018). Influence of ethical position on whistleblowing behaviour: do preferred channels in private and public sectors differ?. Journal of Business Ethics, 149(1), 147-167.

Near, J., Rehg, M., Van Scotter, J., & Miceli, M. (2004). Does Type of Wrongdoing Affect the Whistle-Blowing Process? Business Ethics Quarterly, 14(2), 219-242. [US]

Near, J. P., & Jensen, T. C. (1983). The whistleblowing process: Retaliation and perceived effectiveness. Work and Occupations, 10(1), 3-28.

Near, J. P., & Miceli, M. P. (1985). Organizational dissidence: The case of whistle-blowing. Journal of business ethics, 4(1), 1-16.

Near, J. P., & Miceli, M. P. (1986). Retaliation against whistle blowers: Predictors and effects. Journal of applied psychology, 71(1).

Near, J. P., & Miceli, M. P. (1996). Whistle blowing: Myth and reality. Journal of Management, 22(3), 507-527. [US]

Near, J. P., and M. P. Miceli. (1986). Retaliation against Whistle Blowers: Predictors and Effects. Journal of Applied Psychology, 71(1), 137-145.

Near, J. P., Dworkin, T. M., & Miceli, M. P. (1993). Explaining the whistle-blowing process: Suggestions from power theory and justice theory. Organization Science, 4(3) 393-411.

Near, J. P., Miceli, M. P., & Jensen, T. C. (1983). Variables associated with the whistle-blowing process. College of Administrative Science, Ohio State University.

Near, J. P., Miceli, M. P. (1986). Retaliation against whistle blowers: Predictors and effects. Journal of Applied Psychology, 71, 137-145. [US]

Near, J. P., Miceli, M. P. (1995). Effective whistle-blowing. The Academy of Management Review, 20, 679-708. [US]

Near, J. P., Miceli, M. P. (2008). Wrongdoing, whistle-blowing, and retaliation in the U.S. government: What have researchers learned from the Merit Systems Protection Board (MSPB) survey results? Review of Public Personnel Administration, 28, 263-281. [US]

Near, J. P., Ryan, K. C., & Miceli, M. P. (1995, August). Results of a human resource management ‘experiment’: Whistle-blowing in the federal bureaucracy, 1980-1992 (Paper). Annual Meeting of the Academy of Management, Vancouver, BC.

Nielsen, R. P. (2020). Reformed National Security Internal Whistleblowing Systems and External Whistleblowing as Countervailing Ethics Methods. Administration & Society, 52(5), 660-689. [US]

Ontario. (1993). Crown Employees Collective Bargaining Act: Whistleblower's' Protection Act. Queen's Printer

Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). (2011). Protection of Whistleblowers: Study on Whistleblower Protection Frameworks. In Compendium of Best Practices and Guiding Principles for Legislation.

Palguta, J. M. (1981). Whistleblowing And The Federal Employee, 1st ed. The Board. [US]

Park, C., Keil, M. (2009). Organizational silence and whistle-blowing on IT projects: An integrated model. Decision Sciences, 40, 901-918.

Park, H. (1998). Theoretical Models of Whistleblowing: An Individual Perspective. Chungang Journal of Social Sciences, 11, 7-28.

Parmerlee, M., Near, J. P., and Jensen, T. (1982). Correlates of Whistleblower's Perceptions of Organizational Retaliation. Administrative Science Quarterly, 27, 17-34.

Peffer, S. L., Bocheko, A., Del Valle, R. E., Osmani, A., Peyton, S., & Roman, E. (2015). Whistle where you work? The ineffectiveness of the Federal Whistleblower Protection Act of 1989 and the promise of the Whistleblower Protection Enhancement Act of 2012. Review of Public Personnel Administration, 35(1), 70-81.

Pemberton, S., Tombs, S., Chan, M. M. J., & Seal, L. (2012). Whistleblowing, organisational harm and the self-regulating organisation. Policy and Politics, 40(2), 263–279. [UK]

Perrucci, R., Anderson, R. M., Schendel, D. E., & Trachtman, L. E. (1980). Whistle-blowing: Professionals' resistance to organizational authority. Social Problems, 28(2), 149-164.

Perry, J. L. (1990). The organizational consequences of whistle-blowing. School of Public and Environmental Affairs, Indiana University.

Perry, J. L. (1992). The consequences of speaking out: Processes of hostility and issue resolution involving federal whistleblowers. Academy of Management Proceedings, 8(1), 311-315.

Perry, J. L. (1993). Whistleblowing, organizational performance, and organizational control. In H. G. Frederickson (Ed.), Ethics and public administration (pp. 79-99). M. E. Sharpe.

Peters, C. & Branch, T. (1972). Whistleblowing: Dissent in the Public Interest. Praeger.

Petersen, J. C., & Farrell, D. (1986). Whistleblowing: Ethical and legal issues in expressing dissent. Module Series in Applied Ethics. Kendall/Hunt. [US]

Pillay, S., Ramphul, N., Dorasamy, N., & Meyer, D. (2018). Predictors of whistle-blowing intentions: An analysis of multi-level variables. Administration & Society, 50(2), 186-216.

Pillay, S., Reddy, P. S., & Morgan, D. (2017). Institutional isomorphism and whistle-blowing intentions in public sector institutions. Public Management Review, 19(4), 423-442.

Potipiroon, W., & Wongpreedee, A. (2021). Ethical climate and whistleblowing intentions: Testing the mediating roles of public service motivation and psychological safety among local government employees. Public Personnel Management, 50(3), 327-355.

Previtali, P., and P. Cerchiello. (2017). The Determinants of Whistleblowing in Public Administrations: An Analysis Conducted in Italian Health Organizations, Universities, and Municipalities. Public Management Review. [Italy]

Prysmakova, P., & Evans, M. D. (2020). Whistleblowing motivation and gender: Vignette-based study in a local government. Review of Public Personnel Administration.

Public Service Integrity Office. (2004). A comparative international analysis of regimes for the disclosure of wrongdoing. Public Service Integrity Office. Canadian Research Index.

Rehg, M. T., Miceli, M. P., Near, J. P., & Van Scotter, J. R. (2008). Antecedents and outcomes of retaliation against whistleblowers: Gender differences and power relationships. Organization Science, 19, 221-240.

Rodrigues, U. R. (2022). Optimizing Whistleblowing. Temple Law Review, 94(2), 255–311. [US]

Rothschild, J., & Miethe, T. D. (1992, August). Whistleblowing as Occupational Deviance and Dilemma (Paper). Annual meeting of the American Sociological Association, Pittsburgh, PA.

Rothwell, G. R., & Baldwin, J. N. (2006). Ethical climates and contextual predictors of whistle-blowing. Review of Public Personnel Administration, 26, 216-244.

Rothwell, G. R., Baldwin, J. N. (2007). Ethical climate theory, whistle-blowing, and the code of silence in police agencies in the state of Georgia. Journal of Business Ethics, 70, 341-361. [US]

Rousseau, S. (2016). L’alerte éthique whistleblowing: un instrument au service de la conformité?. Revue Juridique Thémis, 50(3), 571-591. [Fr]

Rousseau, S. (2016). Whistleblowing: an instrument serving compliance. Revue Juridique Themis, 50(3), 571-592. [En]

Saunders, K. L., & Thibault, J. (2010). The Road to Disclosure Legislation in Canada: Protecting Federal Whistleblowers? Public Integrity, 12(2), 143-160.

Savage, A. (2016). Leaks, whistleblowing and the public interest: The law of unauthorised disclosures. Edward Elgar Publishing. [UK]

Savoie, D. J. (2003). Breaking the bargain: Public servants, ministers, and parliament. University of Toronto Press

Schultz, D., and K. Harutyunyan. (2015). Combating Corruption: The Development of Whistleblowing Laws in the United States, Europe, and Armenia. International Comparative Jurisprudence, 1(2), 87-97. [Comparative]

Seifert, D. L., Stammerjohan, W. W., & Martin, R. B. (2013). Trust, Organizational Justice, and Whistleblowing: A Research Note. Behavioral Research in Accounting, 26(1), 157-168.

Shawver, T. J. (2011). Can ethics education impact whistleblowing? Management Accounting Quarterly, 12, 29-37.

Smith, R. (2010). The role of whistle-blowing in governing well: Evidence from the Australian public sector. The American Review of Public Administration, 40, 704-721. [AU]

Soeken, K. L., & Soeken, D. R. (1987). A survey of whistleblowers: Their stressors and coping strategies. Proceedings of the Hearing on HR, 25(1), 156-166.

Somers, M. I. & Casal, J. C. (2011). Type of wrongdoing and whistle-blowing: Further evidence that type of wrongdoing affects the whistle-blowing process. Public Personnel Management, 40, 151-163.

Somers, M. J., & Casal, J. C. (1994). Organizational commitment and whistle-blowing: A test of the reformer and the organization man hypothesis. Group & Organization Management, 19, 270-285.

St-Martin, F. (2014). Measuring the effectiveness of Canadian whistleblowing law [Master’s thesis]. International Anti-Corruption Academy.

Su, S. (2020). Why so few acting whistleblowers? Impacts of institutional anticorruption. Governance, 33, 227-247.

Su, X., & Ni, X. (2018). Citizens on patrol: Understanding public whistleblowing against government corruption. Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, 28(3), 406-422.

Submission regarding BILL C-11, Public Servants Disclosure Protection Act. (2005). Canadian Labour Congress. Politics Collection.

Sulzner, G. T. (2009). Creating a strong disclosure-of-wrongdoing regime: The role of the public service integrity officer of Canada. Public Integrity, 11(2), 171–188.

Tavares, G. M., Lima, F. V., & Michener, G. (2021). To blow the whistle in Brazil: The impact of gender and public service motivation. Regulation & Governance. [Brazil]

Taylor, J. (2018). Internal Whistle‐Blowing in the Public Service: A Matter of Trust. Public Administration Review, 78(5), 717-726.

Thiessen, C. D. (1998). Whistleblowing in the private and public sectors, should Canada adopt a modified form of the American whistleblowing legislation? (MQ32264). [Master's thesis, University of Manitoba]. ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global.

Thomas, P. G. (2005). Debating a whistle-blower protection act for employees of the government of Canada.Canadian Public Administration, 48(2), 147-184.

Thompson, M. (2001). Whistle Blowing: Protection for Legitimate Whistleblowers.

Thüsing, G., & Forst, G. (Eds.) (2016). Whistleblowing: A comparative study. Springer [Comparative]

Tran, C. K. (2012). An ethnographic analysis of the current whistleblowing landscape in the Canadian public service (AAIMR87808). [Doctoral dissertation, Carleton University]. Sociology Collection.

Truelson, J. (1987). Blowing the Whistle on Systematic Corruption: On Maximising Reform and Minimising Retaliation. Corruption and Reform, 2, 55-74.

Tweedie, B. (2010). Whistle stop: The suppression of whistleblowers in the Canadian government (AAIMR71640). [Master’s thesis, University of Windsor]. Politics Collection.

U.S. Merit Systems Protection Board. (1981). Whistleblowing and the Federal Employee: Blowing the Whistle on Fraud, Waste, and Mismanagement - Who Does It and What Happens. U.S. Merit Systems Protection Board, Office of Merit Systems Review and Studies. [US]

U.S. Merit Systems Protection Board. (1984). Blowing the Whistle in the Federal Government: A Comparative Analysis of 1980 and 1983 Survey Findings. A Report of the U.S. Merit Systems Protection Board, Office of Merit Systems Review and Studies. [US]

Ugaddan, R. G., & Park, S. M. (2019). Do trustful leadership, organizational justice, and motivation influence whistle-blowing intention? Evidence from federal employees. Public Personnel Management, 48(1), 56–81.

Vandekerckhove, W., Uys, T., Rehg, M. T., & Brown, A. J. (2014). Understandings of whistleblowing: Dilemmas of societal culture. In Brown, A. J., Lewis, D., Moberly, R., & Vandekerckhove, W. (Eds.), International handbook on whistleblowing research (pp. 37-70). Edward Elgar Publishing.

Van Portfliet, M., & Kenny, K. (2022). Whistleblowing advocacy: Solidarity and fascinance. Organization, 29(2), 345-366.

Vaughn, R. G. (2012). The successes and failures of whistleblower laws. Edward Elgar Publishing.

Ventriss, C., & Barney, S. M. (2003). The making of a whistleblower and the importance of ethical autonomy: James F. Alderson. Public Integrity, 5(4), 355-368.

Waldman, R. (1991). Time to Blow the Whistle?. National Law Journal, 13-14.

Westin, F. (Ed.). (1982). Whistle blowing. McGraw-Hill.

Wolfe, S., M. Worth, S. Dreyfus, & A.J. Brown (2014). Whistleblower Protection Laws in G20 Countries: Priorities for Action. Transparency International Australia.

Zipparo, L. (1999). Encouraging public sector employees to report workplace corruption. Australian Journal of Public Administration, 58(2), 83-93. [AU]

Zipparo, L. (1999). Factors which deter public officials from reporting corruption. Crime Law and Social Change, 30(3), 273-87. [AU]

Private Sector

Alford, C. F. (2007). Whistle-blower narratives: The experience of choiceless choice. Social Research, 74(1), 223-248.

Baker, N. (2008). See no evil, hear no evil, speak no evil: Effective whistleblower programs encourage employees who witness company wrongdoing to speak out rather than look the other way. Internal Auditor, 65, 38-43.

Barnett, T. (1992). A preliminary investigation of the relationship between selected organizational characteristics and external whistle-blowing by employees. Journal of Business Ethics, 11, 949-959.

Berry, B. (2004). Organizational culture: A framework and strategies for facilitating employee whistleblowing. Employee Responsibilities and Rights Journal, 16, 1-11.

Callahan, E. S., & Collins, J. W. (1992). Employee attitudes toward whistleblowing: Management and public policy implications. Journal of Business Ethics, 11, 939-948.

Dalton, D., Radtke, R. (2013). The joint effects of Machiavellianism and ethical environment on whistle-blowing. Journal of Business Ethics, 117, 153-172.

Devine, T. M. (1999). The Whistleblower Protection Act of 1989: Foundation for the Modern Law of Employment Dissent. Administrative Law Review, 51(2), 531-579.

Dozier, J. B., Miceli, M. P. (1985). Potential predictors of whistle-blowing: A prosocial behavior perspective. The Academy of Management Review, 10, 823-836.

Dworkin, T. M., & Near, J. P. (1987). Whistle-blowing statutes: are they working? American

Dworkin, T. M. & Callahan, E. S. (1991). Internal Whistleblowing: Protecting the Interests of the Employee, the Organization, and Society. American Business Law Journal, 29, 267-308.

Dworkin, T. M. & Near, J. P. (1997). A Better Statutory Approach to Whistle-Blowing. Business Ethics Quarterly, 7(1), 1-16.

Elliston, F. A. (1982b). Civil disobedience and whistle-blowing: A comparative appraisal of two forms of dissent. Journal of Business Ethics, 1, 23-28.

Elliston FA. (1982). Anonymity and whistle-blowing. Journal of Business Ethics, 167-177.

Greenberger, D. B., Miceli, M. P., Cohen, D. J. (1987). Oppositionists and group norms: The reciprocal influence of whistle-blowers and co-workers. Journal of Business Ethics, 6, 527-542.

Gundlach, M. I., Gundlach, S. C., Douglas, M. J., Martinko, M. J. (2003). The decision to blow the whistle: A social information processing framework. The Academy of Management Review, 28, 107-123.

Henik, E. (2008). Mad as hell or scared stiff? The effects of value conflict and emotions on potential whistle-blowers. Journal of Business Ethics, 80, 111-119.

Jubb, P. B. (1999). Whistleblowing: A restrictive definition and interpretation. Journal of Business Ethics, 21, 77-94.

Kenny, K., & Fotaki, M. (2021). The Costs and Labour of Whistleblowing: Bodily Vulnerability and Post-disclosure Survival. Journal of Business Ethics, 1-24.

King, G. (1997). The effects of interpersonal closeness and issue seriousness on blowing the whistle. Journal of Business Communication, 34, 419-436. [US]

Latan, H., Chiappetta Jabbour, C. J., & Lopes de Sousa Jabbour, A. B. (2019). To Blow or Not to Blow the Whistle: The Role of Rationalization in the Perceived Seriousness of Threats and Wrongdoing. Journal of Business Ethics, 169(3), 517-535.

Latan, H., Chiappetta Jabbour, C. J., Ali, M., Lopes de Sousa Jabbour, A. B., & Vo-Thanh, T. (2022). What Makes You a Whistleblower? A Multi-Country Field Study on the Determinants of the Intention to Report Wrongdoing, Journal of Business Ethics, 1-21.

Leech, T. J. (1991). Whistleblowing in business: The Challenge and the Response. Canadian Public Administration, 34(1), 78-83

Lewis, D.B. (Ed.). (2002). Whistle blowing at work. Athlone Press. [Public and Private]

Liyanarachchi, G., & Newdick, C. (2009). The impact of moral reasoning and retaliation on whistle- blowing: New Zealand evidence. Journal of Business Ethics, 89, 37-57. [NZ]

Lombard, S., Brand, V., & Austin, J. (Eds.). (2020). Corporate whistleblowing regulation: Theory, practice, and design. Springer Nature.

MacNab, B., Worthley, R. (2008). Self-efficacy as an intrapersonal predictor for internal whistleblowing: A US and Canada examination. Journal of Business Ethics, 79, 407-421.

Malin, M . H. (1983). Protecting the whistle-blower from retaliatory discharge. University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform, 16, 277-318. [US]

Mesmer-Magnus, J., Viswesvaran, C. (2005). Whistleblowing in organizations: An examination of correlates of whistleblowing intentions, actions, and retaliation. Journal of Business Ethics, 62, 277-297.

Paul, R. J., and J. B. Townsend. (1996). Don’t Kill the Messenger! Whistle-Blowing in America — A Review with Recommendations. Employee Responsibilities and Rights Journal, 9(2), 149-161.

Rothschild, J., & Miethe, T. D. (1999). Whistle-blower disclosures and management retaliation: The battle to control information about organization corruption. Work and Occupations, 26, 107-128.

Sims, R. L., Keenan, J. P. (1998). Predictors of external whistleblowing: Organizational and intrapersonal variables. Journal of Business Ethics, 17, 411-421.

Tait, A. E. (2005). Encouraging and protecting whistle-blowers: a case study to avoid whistling down the garden path. Federated Press.

Thomas, R. G. (2020). Whistleblowing and power: A network perspective. Business Ethics, the Environment & Responsibility, 29(4), 842-855 [UK]

Vadera, A. K., Aguilera, R. V., & Caza, B. (2009). Making sense of whistle-blowing’s antecedents: Learning from research on identity and ethics programs. Business Ethics Quarterly, 19, 553-586.

Vandekerckhove, W., & Lewis, D. (2012). The content of whistleblowing procedures: A critical review of recent official guidelines. Journal of Business Ethics, 108(2), 253-264.

Wang, T., Fu, K. J., & Yang, K. (2018). Do good workplace relationships encourage employee whistle-blowing? Public Performance & Management Review, 41(4), 768-789.

Watts, L. L., & Ronald Buckley, M. (2017). A dual-processing model of moral whistleblowing in organizations. Journal of Business Ethics, 146(3), 669-683.

Westin, A. F. 1981. Whistleblowing: Loyalty and Dissent in the Corporation. McGraw-Hill. [US]

Select Canadian Case Law:

Chopra v. Canada (Attorney General), [2014] S.C.C.A. No. 410

Dunn v. Canada (Attorney General), [2019] S.C.C.A. No. 36

El-Helou v. Canada (Courts Administration Service), [2017] S.C.C.A. No. 4

ETI Canada Inc. v. Hamilton, [2007] S.C.C.A. No. 366

Merk v. International Association of Bridge, Structural, Ornamental and Reinforcing Iron Workers, Local 771, [2005] 3 S.C.R. 425

Rochon v. Télé-Université, [2019] S.C.C.A. No. 534